Immediately after delivery of a neonate, which complication should you prioritize preventing?

• A. Hypothermia
• B. Airway obstruction
• C. Vaginal bleeding
• D. Aspiration

Answer: (A)

Keeping the newborn warm is the highest priority right after delivery. Newborns lose heat quickly because they have a large surface area relative to their small body mass, limited fat, and underdeveloped ability to regulate temperature. Heat loss can trigger apnea, bradycardia, hypoglycemia, acidosis, and overall instability, making warmth the most immediate protective step. To prevent hypothermia, dry the baby promptly, place them on or skin-to-skin with the mother or under a radiant warmer, cover with warm blankets, and put a cap on the head. Avoid exposing the baby to cool surfaces or drafts and ensure the environment is warm.

Airway obstruction, maternal vaginal bleeding, and aspiration are important concerns, but preventing heat loss directly supports the neonate’s stability and survival in the moments after birth.